AISI / Alloy Steel 3312 & 3316
| Chemical Analysis 3316 | |
|---|---|
| C% | Carbon 0.14 – 0.19 |
| Mn% | Manganese 0.45 – 0.60 |
| P% | Phosphorus 0.025 max |
| S% | Sulfur 0.025 max |
| Si% | Silicon 0.20 – 0.35 |
| Ni% | Nickel 3.25 – 3.75 |
| Cr% | Chromium 1.40 – 1.75 |
| Chemical Analysis 3312 | |
|---|---|
| C% | Carbon 0.08 – 0.13 |
| Mn% | Manganese 0.45 – 0.60 |
| P% | Phosphorus 0.025 max |
| S% | Sulfur 0.025 max |
| Si% | Silicon 0.20 – 0.35 |
| Ni% | Nickel 3.25 – 3.75 |
| Cr% | Chromium 1.40 – 1.75 |
General characteristics of Alloy Steel 3312 & 3316
These two alloy steels are basically in the same family as 3310 grade, but have slightly higher carbon content. All three steels are case-hardening steels, and thanks to their nickel and chromium contents they show excellent strength and toughness properties following surface hardening and subsequent hardening and tempering.
Applications
These alloys are used in the production of components with large cross sections that require high toughness and core strength such as forged gears, crankshafts and heavy-duty gear shafts in aircraft and truck manufacture.
Forging
These alloys are forged at a start temperature of around 2200ºF (1205ºC) and could be forged down to approximately 1700ºF (925ºC.) They could be air cooled after forging.
Heat treatment
Annealing: These alloys would seldom be annealed prior to subsequent heat treatment, but they may be normalized to remove the effects of structural differences throughout a part.
Normalizing:1700ºF (925ºC) and air cool.
Carburizing: : The steels would be carburized at 1650-1740ºF (900-950ºC) followed by water quench for large components of simple shape only, otherwise oil quench.
Hardening: Following carburizing, the alloys would be austenitized at a temperature in the region of 1500 – 1550ºF (815 – 845ºC) and water quenched for large components of simple shape, otherwise oil quenched.
Tempering:Parts would be tempered at temperatures, based on past experience, that would result in the required mechanical properties.
Machinability: These alloys are readily machined from either an as-forged or normalized structure.
Weldability: The alloys may be readily welded, but only prior to case hardening and subsequent heat treatment.
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