AISI 1070: Forging Facts & Characteristics
General Characteristics of AISI 1070
AISI 1070 provides exceptional strength while resisting wear, making it ideal for the railway industry. A high-carbon steel that can be oil or water hardened, AISI 1070 also performs well in hand and machine tool applications.
Chemical Composition of AISI 1070
- Carbon 0.65-0.75
- Manganese 0.60-0.90
- Phosphorus 0.040 max
- Sulfur 0.050 max
- Silicon 0.15 to 0.30, or:
- 0.10 max
- 0.10-0.20
- 0.20-0.40
- 0.30-0.60
Heat Treatment of AISI 1070
- Normalize by heating to 1550° to 1650°F (843° to 899°C) before air cooling
- Anneal by heating to 1550° to 1575°F (843° to 857°C) before air cooling
- Harden by heating to 1450° to 1525°F (788° to 829°C) before water or oil quenching
- Temper to appropriate strength and hardness, from 400° to 1300°F (204° to 704°C)
- May be austempered and martempered
Applications of AISI 1070
- Railroad industry
- Railroad rails
- Street railway rails
- Electric railway wheels
- Heavy machine parts
- Wire
- Hand tools
- Machinery for agricultural use
- Springs
- Mower blades
- Auto industry
- Torsion and stabilizer bars
Machinability of AISI 1070
- Cobalt high-speed steel or carbide-tip tools
- Sulfurized or chlorinated cutting oils for high-speed steel cutters
- No oil for carbide-tip tools
- Grind high-speed steel turning tools
- 8-12° side rake
- 6-10° back rake
- 7-9° side and end relief
- 12-16° side cutting-edge angle
- 8-14° end cutting-edge angle
- Nose radius 10% of cut depth
- Grind carbide-tip tools
- 6-12° side rake
- 2-8° back rake
- 6-10° side and end relief
- 8-12° end cutting-edge angle
- 8-16° side cutting-edge angle
- 1/32” nose radius
Workability of AISI 1070
- Forge and hot roll form 1800° to 2225°F (982° to 1218°C)
- 1650°F (899°C) minimum for hot working
- Still-air cool
- Easily cold drawn when annealed
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