Stainless Steel 409
| Chemical Analysis | |
|---|---|
| C | Carbon 0.08max |
| Mn | Manganese 1.00 max |
| P | Phosphorus 0.045 max |
| S | Sulfur 0.040 max |
| Si | Silicon 1.00 max |
| Cr | Chromium 10.50 – 11.75 |
| Ti | Titanium 6 x C/0.75 max |
General characteristics of Stainless Steel 409
This is a ferritic stainless steel that was developed for use in corrosive environments where carbon steel, even coated, is unsatisfactory, and where the higher chromium ferritics prove to be economically unfeasible.
Applications of Stainless Steel 409
This alloy is much used in automotive exhaust systems. It may also be used as a relatively low-cost alloy where its non-hardening properties and its relative freedom from grain boundary precipitation can be used to advantage.
Forging Stainless Steel 409
The alloy may be forged between 2100/1500ºF (1150/815ºC) and air cooled. The titanium addition will serve to reduce grain boundary precipitation during cooling from forging.
Heat treatment
Annealing
The material should be heated to 1440ºF (780ºC,) soaked and air cooled. The alloy cannot be hardened by heat treatment
Machinability
The alloy will machine in a similar manner to type 405 stainless.
Weldability
This alloy is weldable by all normal fusion and resistance methods. The titanium addition prevents hardening when cooling from welding, hence effects an overall improvement in weldability. When applications do not involve high-temperature exposure, a 308-308L filler metal may be used. When high temperature exposure is involved, a type 409Cb welding rod may be used.
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