Custom 450
| Chemical Analysis | |
|---|---|
| C | Carbon 0.05 max |
| Mn | Manganese 1.0 max |
| P | Phosphorus 0.03 max |
| S | Sulfur 0.03 max |
| Si | Silicon 1.0 max |
| Cr | Chromium 14.0 – 16.0 |
| Mo | Molybdenum 0.5 – 1.0 |
| Ni | Nitrogen 5.0 – 7.0 |
| Cu | Copper 1.25 – 1.75 |
| Cb | Niobium 8 x C min |
General characteristics of Custom 450
This is a martensitic, age-hardenable stainless steel with corrosion resistance similar to that of type 304 stainless steel and strength similar to that of type 410 stainless steel. It is easily fabricated and with a single-step heat treatment process will develop good strength, ductility and toughness.
Applications
The alloy shows excellent resistance to oxidation up to 1200ºF (650ºC). It may further be used in sour gas oil field conditions.
Forging
Custom 450 may be forged in the range 2300/1650ºF (1260/900ºC) but the optimum start temperature for ease of working and fine grain size is 2150/2100ºF (1180/1150ºC). Parts should be air cooled and annealed after forging.
Heat treatment
Solution treatment/annealing is carried out at 1875/1925 (1025/1050ºC), for one hour at temperature, followed by water or oil quenching for heavier sections, with air cooling sufficing for lighter sections.
Age hardening /precipitation hardening is carried out for conditions H900, H950, H1000, H1050, H1150. Tensile and yield strength are increased by aging at 900/1050ºF (480/570ºC) for 4 hours followed by air cooling. The 900ºF (480ºC) treatment gives the optimum combination of strength, ductility and toughness. Overaging, up to 1150ºF (620ºC) increases ductility but reduces strength.
Machinability
The alloy may be machined using the same practices as employed with other martensitic stainless steels. The use of carbide tools, as opposed to high speed tools. Allows for significant increases in machining speeds and feeds.
Weldability
The alloy may be welded using shielded fusion or resistance methods. Oxyactylene welding is not recommended due to the danger of carbon pickup. Preheating is not necessary prior to welding. The alloy is best welded in the solution annealed condition, with aging carried out immediately after welding.
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